Ebike Class 1 vs Class 2 vs Class 3: What the Classes Mean

This guide is based on manufacturer specifications, published information and buyer feedback. We do not claim hands-on testing and we do not give medical or legal advice. Rules about ebikes vary by place, so check local regulations. Always follow the instructions that come with your own ebike and battery.

In the United States many states use a three-class system for ebikes. The classes describe how the motor is controlled and the top speed at which it assists.

The three classes

Class	How the motor works	Assist cut-off
Class 1	Pedal assist only; no throttle	20 mph
Class 2	Throttle can power the bike without pedalling; may also have pedal assist	20 mph
Class 3	Pedal assist; some states also require no throttle or limit it	28 mph

Which class suits you?

• Class 1: the most widely accepted on bike paths and trails. A good choice for exercise and relaxed riding.
• Class 2: useful if you want to start from a stop without pedalling or if pedalling is difficult.
• Class 3: for faster commuting on roads and bike lanes. Often restricted on multi-use paths and may need a helmet or minimum age under local rules.

Local rules matter

States, cities, parks and trail managers set their own rules. Some limit certain classes on certain paths. Check local regulations and signs before you ride.

Other terms you may see

• Pedelec: a bike whose motor only helps when you pedal.
• Throttle: a twist or thumb control that powers the bike without pedalling.
• Speed limiter: a setting that caps assisted speed.

See our ebike glossary.

Where to start

See commuter ebikes and the best electric bikes.

Frequently asked questions

Do I need a licence for an ebike?

Rules vary. In many places Class 1, 2 and 3 ebikes are treated like bicycles, but you should check your local rules.

Can I change an ebike’s class?

Some can be changed in settings. Check the manual and local law, and do not modify motors or limiters in ways the maker does not permit.

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